Daylighting Optimization and Visual Comfort in Building Facade Design: A Bibliometric Analysis

Abstract

Daylighting optimization and visual comfort are increasingly recognized as critical aspects of sustainable building design, particularly in relation to facade performance. This article is written with the aim of mapping the knowledge structure, research trends, and inter-topic relationships in this field. Metadata from the Scopus database covering the period 2021–2026 were analyzed, with 2,077 documents processed using VOSviewer software to visualize networks of keywords, authors, and countries. The results reveal a significant upward trend in publications, peaking in 2025, with research shifting toward the complexity of facade design in educational facilities. Geographically, China dominates global output, while Indonesia has recently emerged as a rapidly growing contributor. Keyword mapping identified five major clusters: visual comfort, architectural design, energy efficiency, daylighting, and multi-objective optimization. The novelty of this article lies in its systematic mapping of the research landscape, offering a typological synthesis that highlights emerging clusters and regional contributions. The implications are both theoretical and practical, providing researchers with insights into research gaps and guiding future studies to integrate energy efficiency, user comfort, and architectural innovation in sustainable building design.