Student Assessment of Worship Facilities in Higher Education

This research aims to explore students' assessments of worship facilities in higher education. This research uses a quantitative method with a survey approach, data sources were taken using a questionnaire from one hundred and thirty respondents who were students from twenty-nine universities in Indonesia, and analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques using SPSS version 20 software. The results of the analysis show that students agree with the fifteen indicators for assessing worship facilities in higher education, the fifteen assessment indicators are; i) The mosque/prayer room has a comfortable atmosphere for worship; ii) The mosque/prayer room has a sturdy building structure; iii) The design of the mosque/prayer room is good and beautiful; iv) The interior design of the mosque/prayer room is well arranged; v) The lighting in the mosque and its surroundings is good; vi) The mosque room is spacious and can accommodate many people; vii) The prayer equipment provided for mosque congregations is sufficient (for example, mukena and prayer mats); viii) The prayer rows are arranged neatly so that it is easier for the congregation to worship; ix) Cleanliness inside and outside the mosque/prayer room is maintained; x) Cleanliness of prayer equipment (mukena, prayer mat) provided by the mosque/prayer room is maintained; xi) The mosque/prayer room has a clean ablution area; xii) Mosques/prayer rooms have clean toilets; xiii) The security facilities in the mosque/prayer room are adequate; xiv) The safety


INTRODUCTION
Online Mosques are an inseparable part of Muslim life, where there are Muslims, you can be sure that there is a mosque as a place of worship for Muslims (Darodjat & Wahyudhiana, 2014;A. Hidayat, 2014;Putra & Rumondor, 2019).Mosques are known as places of worship for Muslims, sacred places for interacting with God (Anwar et al., 2019).Linguistically, mosque comes from the word sajda means submission, the mosque is the center of worship and muamalah activities (Auliyah, 2014;Hidayat, 2019).A mosque is a place used for prostrating, then its meaning extends to a special building that is used by people as a gathering place to perform congregational prayers and for religious communities to ground Islamic values in community life (Putra & Rumondor, 2019).
According to Afif, (2020); Na-Aqeel, (2020); Nasution & Wijaya, (2020) a mosque is defined as a house or building where Muslims pray.Theoretically-conceptually, mosques are Islamic culture.From this place the spread of Islam which includes worldly and ukhrawi aspects, spiritual material began.Mosques occupy a very special position in Islamic doctrine and culture, because mosques are spiritual pillars that support the worldly life of the people (Setianto & Widiastuti, 2015).Mosques have a strategic role for the advancement of Muslim civilization, history has proven the multi-functional role of mosques (Hidayat, 2011).
Mosques have a very important role for Muslims as expressed by Al-Ghazali, (2018) during the time of the Prophet, mosques were the center of activity for Muslims, various activities and problems of the community regarding the fields of religion, science, social politics and socio-culture were also discussed.and resolved at the mosque institution.Mosques are so important for Muslims that mosques were the first thing built by the Prophet Muhammad when he moved to Medina with his friends (the Quba mosque) (Arsyad, 2016).In the current millennium era, mosques are more focused on purely religious activities, such as religious studies, commemorating Islamic holidays and other religious activities.As a facility for Muslims, mosques have the function of being a center of worship and a center for social activities of the community as well as a means of representing Islamic culture and civilization (Budiono & Anggraeni, 2017;Chaniago, 2020).
The existence of a mosque in a Muslim community is very important, whether in society, an office environment or an educational environment (university), this is because Islam mandates that the five daily prayers be carried out in congregation and this will be more meaningful and effective if carried out in a mosque.Mosques have an important position for Muslims in forming Islamic individuals and community personalities.In order to realize this urgency, the function of mosques must be optimized as best as possible, including mosques located in schools (universities) or offices.Mosques must be equipped with various programs and facilities such as mosque facilities, administration rooms, libraries, study rooms, baitul mall rooms, clinic rooms and other spaces deemed necessary, so that mosques in universities can become centers of worship and education, social, and solving problems that arise in the Muslim student community (Najib et al., 2014).The atmosphere of religious life is felt with the presence of the campus mosque, starting with the call to prayer and iqamah via loudspeakers followed by the chanting of verses from the Koran, making the atmosphere at the university feel religious (Zuhriy, 2011).
According to Putra & Rumondor, (2019) mosques must always be looked after and well cared for, because mosques belong to Allah.The meaning is that it has a very deep and magical meaning, in the sense that the mosque is always kept clean, the building is beautified and the environment is prosperous.It would be a shame if God's house was not as good as the neighboring houses around the mosque.It is certain that every congregation feels embarrassed if the mosque looks dirty, not beautiful, smells, and seems unkempt.The mosque is a gift from Allah and it is the responsibility of the congregation to maintain and care for the mosque as well as possible.
Assessment is the activity of determining the value of an object, such as good-bad, effective-ineffective, successful-unsuccessful, and the like according to previously established criteria or benchmarks (Julaiha & Kadir, 2013).There are several previous studies related to mosque assessments conducted by Pakpahan, (2018) showing that the main reason students are less motivated to perform congregational prayers in mosques is because the condition of mosque facilities cannot provide convenience and comfort for praying and resting, students will be more interested if the atmosphere of the mosque has sufficient facilities, is beautiful, cool and comfortable for resting after completing prayers to enter the next hour of lectures.
Based on the explanation above, the author is interested in exploring students' assessments of worship facilities (mosques) in universities based on several factors, namely design/beauty, cleanliness and security.It is hoped that the results of this research can be used to improve the quality of mosques in universities.

METHODS
This research uses a quantitative method with a survey approach, the data source was taken using a questionnaire from one hundred and thirty respondents who were students from twenty-nine universities in Indonesia (Huda & Sawarjuwono, 2013;Maknun, 2018;Prasetyoningrum, 2015).Quantitative research methods aim to generalize research findings so that they can be used to predict similar situations in other populations.Next, the research data was analyzed using the SPSS Windows Version 20 software tool to see the results of the descriptive analysis.Descriptive analysis is a form of research analysis to test the generalization of research results based on one sample.This analysis uses one or more variables but is independent, therefore this analysis does not take the form of a comparison or relationship.Likewise, Sumin et al., (2017) stated that to describe the overall results of data analysis in a survey research, a researcher can use a descriptive analysis approach using SPSS software.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
All data in this research was collected through a questionnaire that was distributed to one hundred and thirty students regarding student assessments of university worship facilities in Indonesia.The questionnaire results were analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques.The author groups this data according to the problem formulation that has been prepared previously.The data that will be presented is as follows: Based on research that the author has conducted regarding student assessments of worship facilities in higher education, it is clear that there are fifteen assessment points which are categorized into three assessment aspects, namely based on the design/comfort of the mosque, cleanliness of the mosque, and security of the mosque.To make these three aspects of assessment more interesting, the writer will use language based on theory, expert opinion and the results of previous research that discusses this problem in more or less the same context and issues.
First namely the design and comfort aspect, the indicator consists of eight points, namely the design of the mosque/prayer building is good and beautiful, the interior design of the mosque/prayer room is well laid out, the atmosphere is comfortable for worship, the mosque lighting is good, the mosque space is spacious and can accommodate many people, The prayer equipment provided is sufficient, the prayer rows are neatly arranged and the mosque staff are friendly.Based on indicators of good and beautiful mosque/prayer building design, 47.7% of respondents said they strongly agreed.Based on indicators that the interior design of the mosque/prayer room is well arranged, 37.7% of respondents said they strongly agreed.Based on indicators of a comfortable atmosphere for worship, 58.5% of respondents said they strongly agreed.Based on the lighting indicators being good, 45.4% of respondents strongly agreed.Based on the indicator that the mosque/prayer room is spacious and able to accommodate many people, 43.1% of respondents said they strongly agreed.Based on the indicator that the prayer equipment provided is sufficient, 33.1% of respondents said they strongly agreed.Based on the indicator that prayer rows are neatly arranged, 41.5% of respondents said they strongly agreed.Based on indicators of the friendliness of mosque/prayer room staff, 30% of respondents strongly agreed.It can be seen from the results of research related to the design and comfort aspects of mosques/prayers in universities that students have received good assessments.
The comfort aspect of the mosque needs to be considered because the comfort of worshiping in the mosque is one of the factors determining the satisfaction of worshipers worshiping at the mosque.Mosque users choose mosques that are clean, comfortable or in accordance with the needs of mosque users (Lenia & Nelisa, 2018).As a center for congregational activities, a mosque must be able to accommodate a certain number of worshipers and a variety of activities, so it requires sufficient capacity and good quality of service (Hidayat, 2014).The condition of the mosque, especially the inner room, should have an element of comfort, so that worship activities can be carried out more solemnly Hasbi & Musdinar, (2020) indicating that the main reason students are less motivated to perform congregational prayers in the mosque is because the condition of the mosque facilities cannot provide convenience and comfort for them.perform prayers and rest, students will be more interested if the atmosphere of the mosque has sufficient facilities, is beautiful, cool and comfortable to rest after completing prayers to enter the next hour of lectures.The research results of Wibowo et al., (2020) show that if the use and maintenance of the mosque's main room facilities are paid attention to and utilized optimally with various religious and social activities as well as the friendliness of the management and the mosque's facilities and infrastructure department, the mosque will be very busy and visited by pilgrims.
Second, the cleanliness aspect, the indicators are that the cleanliness inside and outside the mosque/prayer room is maintained, the cleanliness of prayer equipment is maintained, the ablution area is clean, and the toilets are clean.Based on the indicator that cleanliness inside and outside the mosque/prayer room is maintained, 36.9% of respondents said they strongly agreed.Based on the indicator that prayer equipment is kept clean, 27.7% of respondents said they strongly agreed.Based on the indicator of a clean ablution place, 33.1% of respondents said they strongly agreed.
The aspect of cleanliness is the most important thing in a mosque/prayer room because this concerns the conditions for valid prayer.As a center of worship, especially prayer, the mosque is related to the issue of the conditions for the validity of prayer, including ablution and cleanliness from uncleanness, so it is necessary to guarantee the validity of the pilgrimage's ablution and the sanctity of the mosque Budiono & Anggraeni, (2017).If the cleanliness of the mosque is not maintained, it can reduce the enthusiasm of the congregation to carry out worship at the mosque.Congregants are less enthusiastic about carrying out worship at the mosque, both due to cleanliness and mosque management.Cleanliness is one of the ideal criteria for a mosque in designing mosque architecture.Cleanliness and purity are the main considerations because cleanliness and purity for a Muslim have a strong basis in Islamic teachings (Ansarullah, 2016).The cleanliness of a mosque is one of the important points in the mosque itself because cleanliness is an important part of Islam, mosque takmirs must prioritize cleanliness so that the congregation in the mosque worship safely and solemnly, one of the indicators of cleanliness that must be paid attention to is the mukena.clean and tidy, the ablution area is clean and there is no rubbish, the floor has no footprints, the bathroom has a rubbish bin, the mosque yard is clean, the prayer place is clean and tidy.Apart from the role of the mosque takmir, of course the role of the congregation is also needed in maintaining the cleanliness of the mosque.
Third, the security aspect, the indicators are that the mosque/prayer room has a sturdy building structure, the security facilities at the mosque/prayer room are adequate, and the safety of the congregation's belongings at the mosque/prayer room is guaranteed.Based on the indicator that mosques/musholas have a sturdy building structure, 53.8% of respondents said they strongly agreed, 33.8% of respondents said they agreed, 6.9% of respondents said they were neutral, 3.1% of respondents said they disagreed, and 3.1% of respondents said they disagreed.respondents stated that they strongly disagreed.
The security aspect of the mosque is also very important because not only adults visit the mosque but also children and elderly parents.The security system in the mosque must always be maintained and improved, both for the security of the mosque congregation and for the congregation's belongings.The security and safety aspect is one of the factors that influences the satisfaction of mosque users, security and safety indicators, namely a sturdy building structure, a safe building for children, adequate/fulfilling security facilities, and safety when performing worship.Security in mosques is very much needed so that worshipers who come to perform prayers are no longer afraid of losing an item and there is also a need for awareness among mosque worshipers so that they do not place their items carelessly because the condition of the mosque is always busy with people entering the mosque to pray.One of the efforts that can be made to maintain security in mosques is to provide security personnel in mosques and install CCTV cameras because criminals at this time are truly reckless and do not discriminate about who their potential victims are and their location, some examples of crimes that commonly occur in the environment mosques, namely the loss of congregational footwear, the loss of congregational motorbikes in the mosque parking lot, the loss of congregational items such as bags, and the loss of charity boxes in mosques (Saefullah et al., 2019).

CONCLUSION
Based on the research results, it can be concluded that students agree with the fifteen indicators for assessing worship facilities in higher education, the fifteen assessment indicators are; i) The mosque/prayer room has a comfortable atmosphere for worship; ii) The mosque/prayer room has a sturdy building structure; iii) The design of the mosque/prayer room is good and beautiful; iv) The interior design of the mosque/prayer room is well arranged; v) The lighting in the mosque and its surroundings is good; vi) The mosque room is spacious and can accommodate many people; vii) The prayer equipment provided for mosque congregations is sufficient (for example, mukena and prayer mats); viii) The prayer rows are arranged neatly so that it is easier for the congregation to worship; ix) Cleanliness inside and outside the mosque/prayer room is maintained; x) Cleanliness of prayer equipment (mukena, prayer mat) provided by the mosque/prayer room is maintained; xi) The mosque/prayer room has a clean ablution area; xii) Mosques/prayer rooms have clean toilets; xiii) The security facilities in the mosque/prayer room are adequate; xiv) The safety of the congregation's belongings is guaranteed at the mosque/prayer room; and xv) Mosque/prayer room staff are friendly to the congregation.Overall, students agree with all points of the worship facilities assessment.Worship facilities at universities are considered to be good and can support the congregation in carrying out worship solemnly to Allah.